以 S- 开头的英语词根笔记

sure

be sure to
sure enough
sure of oneself

surely

slowly but surely

unsure

sugar

sugary

sugary snacks
sugary pop songs.

ensure

-en = make

ensure sth … 事

assure

as = ad = to

assure sb …人

assurance

ance /ancy/ ence/ency .n

a air of easy assurance

assured

reassure

re = again

reassuring

-ing.adj.

reassurance

-ance.n

insure

-in = intensive 加强语气

insure oneself against

insurer

-er

insurance

-ance.n

uninsured

search = 搜, sear = circle

searcher

research

re = intensive

researcher

shrink

–> r ->n = snail

shrink away from
shrink into oneself

shrinking

shrinkage

shrivel

shrivel up

shrimp

-scrib, -scrip = write

scrib

scribble

script

manuscript

scripture

scriptural

ascribe

credit

attribute

conscript

prescribe

prescription

transcribe

transcript

transcription

circumscribe

subscriber

subscription

describe

description

descriptive

descriptor

nondescript

inscribe

-spect, -spec, -spic, -scop, -scep = see

spectator

audience / onlooker

inspect

inspector

inspection

expect

expected

unexpected

unexpectedly

expection

expectant

expectancy

prospect

prospector

prospectus

prospective

perspective

introspection

introspective

retrospect

retrospective

conspicuous

conspicuously

aspect

respect

respected

respectful

respectfully

respective

irrespective

respectively

respecting

respectable

disrespect

respectability

disrespectful

despise

despicable

contemp, contemptable

despite

respite

skeptic

skeptical

skepticism

species

spice

spicy

aromatic

special

specially

especially

specialist

specialize

specialized

specialization

specialty

speciman

unspecified

specify

specified

spy

spying

spectacle

spectacular

spectacularly

spectrum

spectral

specter

spectrometer

speculate

speculator

speculation

speculative

suspect

suspected

suspicious

suspicion

suspiciously

unsuspecting

scope

microscope

microscopic

telescope

telescopic

telecommunication

stethoscope

auspice

au=av=bird

auspicious

inaugurate

bishop

archbishop

Episcopal

espionage

cauldron

chafe

coddle

lukewarm

nonchalant

chauffeur

chowder

-stand, stant, -stat, stet, -stit

stand

stand in the way of…
stand back
stands on
food stand

stand-alone

newsstand

nightstand

night + stand, =bedside table

standby

by=aside

on stand by
a standby ticket

stand-in

a stand in for regular doctor

standing

free standing
long standing

standoff

standout

standstill

stand-up

stand-up comedy

standpoint

bystander

innocent bystander

outstanding

withstand

with=against(withdraw)

standard

standhard

substandard

standardize

standardization

understand

understandable

understandably

understanding

misunderstand

misunderstanding

stamp

stamped

stampede

stanza

rest

re=back + st=stand
eg:

put someone’s mind at rest
rest with the president
come to rest
let … rest

arrest

ar=to + rest
eg:

place/put sb under arrest
to cause to stop

restless

rest + less

restlessness

restroom

restore

re (again)+ store
eg:

be restored to
restore order
restore ancient traditions

restored

eg:

feel quite restored

restoration

eg:

owe the restoration of my hearing to. owe A to B
the restoration of old houses
a fund for the restoration of historic buildings
the restoration of diplomatic relations

restorative

adj
eg:

how restorative a hot bath would feel
a wonderful restorative

restitution

n re=again + stit=stand + ion
eg:

make restitution for the hurt
the restitution of art treasures missing since World War Two.
deman full resitution

circumstance

n circum=circle=around + stance=stand
eg:

in unpromising circumstances.
under no circumstance.
in the circumstances/under/given the circumstance.

circumstantial

adj
eg:
1.circumstantial evidence

constant

adj con=com=together + stant=stand
eg:

constant complaints
constant adjustment

constantly

adv

consist

vi con=with,together + sist=stand
eg:

consist in /lie in/rest with
consist with
consist of sth
Reducint food wastage is not so diffcult as imagined;the key lies in/consists in/rest with whether we have formed…

consistent

adj con=together + sist=stand + ent
eg:

be consistent with = consist with

consistency

n
eg:
1.remarkable consistency

consistently

adv

inconsistent

adj
eg:

highly inconsistent performance

inconsistency

stable

adj sta=stand + able
eg:

stable structue
remain stable
stable children

unstable

adj
eg:

emotionally unstable

constable

n. 管马的官员 ->皇家内务总管->维持过往及各地武器装备->警察->维持治安的基层警察

stability

n
eg:

a period of relative stability

stabilize

vt&vi
eg:

a attempt to stabilize the economy.

stabilization

steady

vt&vi&adj

steady growth
steady oneself
steady a ladder
fairly steady
hold the camera steady
breathe steadily

steadily

unsteady

unsteady voice
a slightly unsteady table

steadfast

adj. stead=stand place + fast=紧，坚定

steadfast love
remain steadfast in…

steadfastly

adv

assist

vt&vi as=ad=to + sist = stand

assist sb in doing sth / sb with sth
assist police in tracing this man.

assisted

adj

assistive

adj

assistive device

assistant

assistance

status

n stat = stand + us

enhance/elevate/raise/improve one’s social status.
status symbols
enjoy the same status as doctors
maintain the status quo
restore to the status quo

extant

adj ex=out +stant=stand

the oldest extant document
extant remains of the ancient wall

estate

n e=ex=out + stat=stand +e

real estate agent.
real-estate developers.
a country estate.
council/industrial/housing etc estate.

asset

n. as=ad=to + set=satis=enough

physical assets.
toxic assets
a invaluable asset

establish

vt es=ex=out + stabl =stand=stable + ish

establish building standards
establish opinion

established

adj

an established professor of French literature

re-establish

vt re=again

well-established

adj

a well-established tradition of
a well-established firm.

establishment

academic establishment
scientific establishment

stall

vt&vi sta=stand(站，摊) + l ;

shower stall
market stall
The peace process stalled

stalled

adj

stalled engine

stallion

n stall=马厩 + ion

install

vt in + sta=stand + ll

install a new phone line

installation

the installation and maintenance of alarm system.
the whole computer installation

installment

n. in + stall(小隔间) + ment

pay for the house by installments.
the next installment of this four-part series.

forestall

vt fore=before + stall

forestall further attacks.

instant

adj in=en=near +stant=stand

an instant survey
the instant: I fell in love with you the instant I saw you.
an instant of panic
instant food

instantly

adj

instantaneous

adj instant + tane=time

an instantaneous response.

instantaneously

adv

instance

for instance
in the first instance.

substance

n sub=under + stance

organic substances
in substance = in essence/nature.
matters/issues of substance

substantial

adj

undergo substantial changes.
reap substantial rewards

substantially

adv

substantially higher prices
substantially damaged

substantiate

vt substance + ate

substantiate the claims

unsubstantiated

adj

substantive

adj

oust

vt
ou = ob=against + st=stand

be finally ousted from power.

ouster

the president’s ouster by military

post

apostle

n apo=away from + stle=stand

apostolic

adj

obstacle

n ob=opposite + sta=stand + cle

destine

vt de=completely + stin=stand

destiny

destined

adj

destination

destitute

adj de=dis=away + stit=stand + ute

be desitute of mercy

distant

adj dis=seperate + stant=stand

distance

long-distance

adj

ecstasy

n ec=es=out + sta=stand + sy(n)

go into ecstasies

ecstatic

adj

stage

staging

backstage

onstage

stance

exist

existing

adj

pre-existing

existence

come into existence

existential

adj

nonexistent

adj

constitute

reconstitute

constitutive

adj

constituent

constituency

constitution

constitutional

adj

constitutionally

adv

unconstitutional

constitutionality

contrast

contrasting

adj

cost

costly

adj

insist

vt&vi

insistent

adj. insist + ent(adj)

insistence

n. insist + ence(n)

persist

vi. per=through + sist=stand

persisting with it/sticking to it/clinging to it/adhere to it/entails

persistent

adj.

persistence

persistently

adv.

resist

vt&vi. re=opposite + sist=stand

resist pressure.

resistant

adj.

resistance

irresistible

adj.

institute

vt. in=en + stit=stand + ute=ate(v)

institution

institutional

adj.

institutionalize

vt.

institutionalized

adj.

institutionalization

subsist

vi. sub+sist=stand

subsistence

substitute

vt&vi. sub + stit +ute

substitution

stem

stem the flow of illegal immigrants

station

be stationed abroad.

stationary

adj.

stationery

n. stationer + y

state

vt.

stated

adj.

statehood

stately

statement

state-of-the-art

adj.

the most advanced

state-owned

stateroom

state-run

adj.

statesman

state-sponsored

adj.

statewide

adj&adv.

upstate

interstate

out-of-state

adj.

restate

vt.

reinstate

vt.

understate

vt.

understatement

understated

adj.

stasis

static

adj.

metastasis

n. meta=change + stas=stand + is

statistic

statistical

adj.

statistically

adv.

statue

stature

statute

statutory

adj.

staunch

adj.

prostate

prostitute

prostitution

sit-,sid, -set-, sess

sit

vi&vt.

sit down
sit for sb.
sit tight

sitting

adj.

a sitting president.
sitting room.

sit-up

do 100 sit-ups each day.

baby-sit

vt&vi.

babysit for sb.

baby-sitter

sitter

saddle

saddle sb with sth.

preside

vi. pre + sid=sit + e

preside over a metting/seminar
the presiding judge.

president

n. pre + sid=sit + ent

vice-president

presidential

adj.

presidency

reside

vi. re=repeat + sid=sit + e

residence

resident

adj&n

residency

residential

adj.

residue

residual

adj.

subside

subsidy

subsidize

vt.

subsidized

adj.

subsidiary

n&adj.

insidious

adj.

beside

prep. be=by + side

besides

prep.

siege

lay siege to.
lift the siege

set

beset

vt.

be beset with difficulties

inset

v. n.

reset

vi.

setback

suffer a major setback

settee

setting

settle

vt&vi

settler

settled

adj.

settlement

resettle

vt&vi

resettlement

unsettle

vt.

unsettled

adj.

unsettling

adj.

seat

seated

adj.

seating

unseat

vt.

backseat

sedan

sedate

adj.

a more sedate pace

sedative

n.adj.

sedentary

adj.

assess

vt.

assessor

assessment

obsess

vt&vi ob=against + sess

obsess about food.

obsessed

obsession

obsessive

obsessively

adv

possess

vt.

possess a sense of humour.

possession

session

emergency session.
the two leaders emerged for a photo session.

cathedral

site

n.vt

web sites.
historical sites.
on site/off site

campsite

situate

vt.

situation

situational

adj.

sitcom

provost

chair

n. vt.

chairman

chairmanship

chairperson

chairwoman

size

sizable

adj.

downsize

vt.vi.

full-size

medium-sized

adj.

mid-size

adj.

soil

soot

supersede

vt.

nest

nestle

vt&vi.

niche

nick

vt&n

nickname

n&v

sound, -son

sound

n.vt.adj.adv

sound a warning.
sound like…
sound asleep.
we arrived home safe and sound.

sounding

n.adj

take soundings of the people’s wishes.
the sounding of the all-clear signal.

soundly

adv.

be soundly beaten.
be soundly based in…
sleep soundly.

soundbite

n. sound + bite

soundtrack

the soundtrack of the latest movie.

ultrasound

n. ultra=beyond + sound

ultrasound wave.
2.ultrathin

sonic

adj. son=sound + ic(adj)

sonic waves.
the sonic boom.
sonic speed.

supersonic

adj. super + sonic

a supersonic aircraft

resound

vi. re=back + sound

resound with music.
Laughter resounded through the house.

resounding

adj.

a resounding slap.
make a resounding success.

resonance

n. re=back + son=sound + ance.

a thrilling resonance.
lose its resonance

resonant

adj

a deep resonant voice.
a poem filled with resonant imagery.

resonate

vt. re=back + son + ate

a resonating chamber.
these issues resonated with the voters.

consonant

n. adj. con=with=together + son=sound + ant(adj)

dissonance

n. dis + son=sound + ance(n)

cognitive dissonance.

sonnet

n. son=sound + et=small

sonar

n. so=sound + na=navigation + r=ranging

unison

n. uni=one + son=sound

swan

n.vi

black swan
swan song.

speed

speedy

adj. speed + y

a speedy recovery

high-speed

adj.

speeding

sper-,spair =hope ，希望

despair

n. de=without + spair=to hope

into the depths of despair.

desperate

adj.

be in desperate need of sth.

desperately

adv.

desperation

despairing

adj.

a despairing cry/look/sigh

prosper

vi. pro + sper=hope

prosperous

adj. prosper + ous

prosperity

n. prosper + ity(n)

a new era of peace and prosperity.
Japan’s economic prosperity.

-spir = breathe

spirit

n. spir + it

spirited

adj.

a spirited little boy.
a spirited discussion.

spiritual

adj. spirit + u + al(adj)

spiritually

adv.

spirituality

mean-spirited

adj.

mean-spirited personality.

ghost

ghostly

adj.

inspire

vt. in + spir- = to breathe + e

inspiration

draw inspiration from
look for inspiration

inspirational

adj.

inspired

adj.

an inspired performance
an inspired choice/guess.

inspiring

adj.

an inspiring teacher.

conspire

v-recip. con + spir + e

conspire with somebody against sb.

conspiracy

conspiracies against the president
a conspiracy theory.

conspirator

a group of conspirators.

conspiratorial

adj.

a conspiratorial whisper.

respire

v. re=again + spir + e

respiratory

adj.

the respiratory system.
respiratory failure

respirator

respiration

artificial respiration

aspire

vi. a- + spire

aspire to a scientific career
aspire to public office.

aspiration

aspiring

expire

vi.

expired visas.

expiration

transpire

vt&vi. trans- + spir + e

perspiration

excessive perspiration

see

seeing

unseen

adj.

unseen forces
unseen dangerous

foresee

vt. fore=before + see

foreseeable

adj.

for/in the foreseeable future.
foreseeable risk.

unforeseen

adj.

unforeseen circumstances

sight

n.vt.

catch sight of…
in sight/out of sight
set sights on
out of sight, out of mind.

sighted

adj.

short sighted
long-sighted

sighting

the sighting of a rare sea bird at…

insight

n. in + sight

keen insight into the nature of technology
considerable insight
gain an insight into sth.

insightful

adj.

sightseeing

go sightseeing

eyesight

foresight

lack of foresight.

hindsight

n. hind=behind + sight

hindsight effect
With hindsight, we’d all do things differently.

story

storybook

storyteller

storytelling

history

historic

adj. histor + ic

a historic building/monument
a historic occasion/decision/day/visit/victory
historic site

historical

adj.

an important historical figure.
historical records.
a historical novel

historically

adv.

prehistoric

adj. pre + historic

the famous prehistoric cave paintings.

historiography

n. histori + o + graph(write) + y

Western historiography

space

n.vt.adv.prep

evenly spaced plants.

spacious

adj. spac + ous

a spacious kitchen

=roomy

spatial

adj. spat=space + ial

spatial planning
spatial awareness

spacecraft

manned spacecraft
unmanned spacecraft

spaceship

space-time

space-time distribution

spacing

single/double spacing
row spacing

aerospace

n. aero=air + space

the aerospace industry
aerospace science

cyberspace

secrue cyberspace
cyber cafe

airspace

national airspace

-sec, -secu, -seq, -sequ, -sic = follow, next

second

vt&n sec=follow + on=one + d

second to none
second only to sth.

secondary

adj. second + ary

a secondary consideration
secondary teachers

secondly

adv.

second-class

adj.

second-class citizens
a second-class education.

second-degree

adj.

second-degree murder
second-degree burns.

second-floor

second-floor bedroom
a second-floor apartment

second-hand

adj.

second-hand cars
second-hand opinions
second-hand house

second-largest

adj.

second-largest supermarket

second-year

sect

n. sec=sequ + t

religious sect

sequel

n. sequ=follow + el

prequel

a sequel to

sequence

n. sequ=follow + ence(n)
queue

a strange sequence of two successful grain harvest.
in sequence

sequencing

gene sequencing programme.

sequential

ajd.

consequent

adj. con=com=with, together + sequ=to follow + ent(adj)

consequent increase in spending
consequent climatic changes.

consequently

adv.

inconsequential

adj. in=not + consequential

inconsequential details

consequence

logical consequence
in consequence / as a consequence.

subsequent

adj. sub=closely + sequ=follow + ent

subsequent generations
sebsequent studies.

subsequently

adv.

consecutive

adj. con=with, together + sequ=follow + ive=big, many

the third consecutive year.

exec

= executive
n. ex=out + xecut=follow + ive(n, sb, sth)

execute

vt. ex=out + sec=follow + ute

execute out compaign plan to the letter.
execute the hostage.

executive

adj.n

CEO : Chief Executive Officer
an advertising executive

execution

executioner

persecute

vt. per=through + sec =follow + ute(v)

be persecuted by the press
persecute the Catholic Church.

persecution

the persecution of writers who criticize the goverment.
the persecution of minorities.
victims of political persecution.

prosecute

vt&vi. pro=forward + sec=follow + ute

prosecute sb for doing sth.
prosecute the war.

prosecutor

n. prosecut + or

the public/state prosecutor
chief prosecutor

prosecution

a criminal prosecution
the prosecution o of war criminals.
the prosecution of her duties.

intrinsic

adj. intrin=inter + sic=follow

the intrinsic value of education

intrinsically

adv.

intrinsically evil.

extrinsic

adj. extrin=outside + sic=alongside

extrinsic factors.

ensue

vi. en=in=on=upon + sue=follow

if the Europeans did not reduce subsidies, a trade war would ensue.

ensuing

adj.

the ensuing argument.
in the ensuing ten years.

pursue

vt. pur=pro=forward + sue=follow

to pursue a goal/an aim/an objective.
pursue a medical career.

pursuer

escape the pursuers.

pursuit

relentless pursuit of excellence.
in hot pursuit.
outdoor pursuits.

pursuant

prep. pursu=pursue + ant.

act pursuant to the United Nations Security Council resolutions.

lawsuit

n. law + suit

a lawsuit against govermment

suitor

n. suit=sue=follow + or

Jesuit

n. Je=Jesus + suit=sue=follow

suit

vt. n

a business suit
a diving suit
a divorce suit

suitcase

n. suit + case

to pack/unpack a suitcase

swimsuit

n. swim + suit

pictures of models in swimsuits.

jumpsuit

suitable

adj. suit + able

a suitable candidate
a suitable place for a picnic.

unsuitable

adj.

unsuitable for climbing.

suitability

n. suitab + ility (n)

ecological suitability

suitably

adv.

be really suitably dressed for a party.

suite

a hotel/private/honeymoon suite.
bedroom suite.

soci- =social, group, couple

adj.

long-term social change
social class
social distance

socially

adv.

society

live in a capitalist society.
modern society.

societal

adj. societ + al

societal changes.

antisocial

adj. ant = against + social

antisocial behavior
a generation of antisocial teenagers.

socialist

adj.n.

socialist country.
socialist beliefs.

socialism

socialize

vt.vi

socialization

sociology

urban sociology.

sociable

adj. soci + able

extremely sociable

socialite

associate

vi.adj.n as=ad=to + soci + ate

associate professor
associate dean
associate with a murderer.
business associates.

associated

adj.

Associated Newpapers.

association

the National Basketball Association
in association with …

sign = mark, symbol

vt&vi

sign a contract.
there is no sign of …

signed

adj.

signing

the signing of the treaty.
signing ceremony.

signature

n. sig= sign + na =name + ture

signatory

n. sign + atory(ate + org)

a signatory of the Declaration of Independence.

signal

vt&vi&n.

satellite signals
transmit radio signals.
signal important shifts.

signify

vt. sign + ify

signify a radical change in their policies.

significant

adj.
insignificant

a highly significant discovery.

significance

a decision of major political significance.
have great significance for …

insignia

n. in + sign=mark + ia

the royal insignia.

consign

vt. con=com=with, together + sign

consign him to a wheelchair for the rest of his life.

assign

vt. as=ad=to + sign.

assign sb to do sth.

=appoint

assignment

complete home assignment.
a tough assignment.

assigned

adj.

reassign

vt.

resign

vt. re=back + sign.

make up one’s mind to resign.
resign one’s position.

resigned

adj.

a resigned sigh.
be resigned to …

resignation

offer his resignation.

design

vt&n.

design a machine
design a course to suit your particular needs.

designer

n.adj.

a fashion/jewelry etc designer.
designer labels.

redesign

vt.

well-designed

adj.

designate

vt.adj. de=write down + sign=to mark + ate

designate someone as the spokesperson.

designated

adj.

seal

seal a deal
seal the envelope
seal the border

sealed

adj.

a sealed container.

symbol

a symbol of purity
symbol of luxury.

symbolic

adj.

symbolic representations of landscape.
symbolic of spring.

symbolically

adv.

symbolically important.

symbolism

be rich in symbolism
the symbolism of every gesture.

symbolize

vt.
=represent

symbolizethe end of the Cold War.
symbolize good and evil.

sec-, sect, seg-, saw = to cut

section

vt.n

be peeled or sectioned.
a vertical section.
cross section.

sectional

adj.

a sectional building.
a sectional drawing.

sector

private sector.
each sector of the war zone.

insect

an insect bite.
insect species.

insecticide

n. insect + i + cide=kill

intersect

vi.

a pattern of intersecting streets.
The landscape is intersected with spectacular gorges.

intersection

n. inter + sect + ion

make a wrong turn at the intersection.

dissect

vt. dis=apart + sect=cut

dissect his work and question his motive.
the city is dissected by a network of old canals.

dissection

dissection of my proposals.

segment

vt.n. seg=sect=cut + ment

business segment.
diverse market segments.

saw

vt&vi&n.

jigsaw

n. jig=快速上下移动 + saw=锯子

jigsaw puzzles.
the jigsaw of high-level diplomacy.
He jigged up and down with excitement

chainsaw

Anglo-Saxon

adj.

the mighty sea power of the Anglo-Saxons.

skin

vt.n

the outer skin of the orange.

skinhead

skinless

adj.

skinny

adj.n.

skinny legs.
the skinny on Hollywood

shar-, shre-, cur, car-, sci, scra-, scr-, scar, shor- = to cut

shear

vt&n

Trim the shrubs with shears.

scissors

n.adj.vt

scissor the paper into strips.
the scissor blades.

shred

vt.n

shreds of paper
shred of sth.

shredded

adj.

Serve the fish on a bed of shredded lettuce.

scrape

vt&vi

scrape=erase
scrape=gather by great effort

scrape the frost off the windows.
scrape her palms
scrape a narrow victory.

skyscraper

the skyscraper towers into the clouds.

scratch

vt.n

scratch my hands and face.
start from scratch.
scratch a living.
His pen scratched away on the paper.

scratching

scrap

n.vt.adj.

scraps of information
a scrap dealer
scrap paper.
scrap nuclear or chemical weapons.

scrapbook

a large scrapbook of press clippings and photographs.

curtail

vt. cur=short + tail=cut

curtail the number of troops.
Spending on books has been severely curtailed.

curtain

n.vt. curt=cut + ain(sth)

to draw/pull/close the curtains.
a shower curtain.
bring down the curtain on sth.
It’s time to face the final curtain.

-ain people, sth.

captain
mountain

scroll

n.vi.

The Dead Sea Scroll
scroll down.
to write down in scroll.

scar

vt.n

a scar on his forehead
The arena was scarred by deep muddy ruts.

scarred

adj.

a bullet-scarred bus.
battle-scarred soldiers.

scarf

a woollen/silk scarf.

score

vt&vi&n

score many successes.
score an average of 147

underscore

vt.

underscore the shaky state of the economic recovery.

scoring

scoring method.

scorer

United’s top scorer

scoreboard

scorecard

outscore

vt.

outscore opponents.

screen

n.vt.vi

screen it on X-ray machine.
The series is likely to be screened in January.

screening

breast screening for cancer.

screenplay

screenwriter

sunscreen

big-screen

screener

screw

vt&vi&n

screw the shelf on the wall.
three screws.
Screw down the lid fairly tightly.

screwdriver

tool for driving screws.

unscrew

vt&vi

unscrew the cap of her water bottle.

corkscrew

n.v cork=软木塞 + screw

scrimmage

shrub

flowering shrubs.

scrub

vt.

scrub off the dirt.

shared

adj.

shareholder

resource sharing
data sharing

sharp = cut

adj.

thin and sharp
sharp reprimand
a sharp rise

sharpen

vt&vi

sharpen diplomatic skills.
sharpen knife.

sharply

adv.

fall sharply
contrast sharply

sharpness

the sharpness of these lenses
the sharpness of the mind.

shard

shards of glass.

sheer

adj.

sheer delight.
sheer black tights.
sheer nonsense

shore

vt.n

a rocky/sandy shore.
shore sth up.

shoreline

ashore

adv. a=ad=toward

offshore

adj.adv. off=away + shore

an offshore island.
offshore investments.

skirt, shirt, short <— sker = to cut

skirt

n.vt.vi

skirt the hardest issues.
mini skirt.
a long/short/straight/pleated etc skirt.
They followed the road that skirted the lake.

outskirts

reach the outskirts of New York.

shirt

T-shirt

sweatshirt

n. sweat + shirt

hooded sweatshirt.

short

adj.n

shortly

adv.

Their trial will shortly begin.

shortage

a shortage of funds.
food shortage.

short-term

adj.

short-term profits.
short-term contracts.

shorts

a pair of tennis shorts.

shortcoming

=defect

shorten

vt&vi.

shorten your life.

shortfall

make up $30000 shortfall in funding.

short-lived

adj.

short-lived crises.

shortstop

shorthand

a shorthand typist

shortness

shortness of breath.

skirmish

n. skirm + ish

-scind, shed, crac- shak- shiv = to cut, split

rescind

vi. re + -scind = to cut

The governor does not have the authority to rescind the ruling.

shed

vt.n

a garden shed.
shed 700 jobs.
shed blood.
shed crocodile tears.
shed leaves.
shed light on.

crack

vt&vi&n.

cracked his head on the pavement.
a crack in the curtains.
crack the system.
Thunder cracked in the sky.
Crack the eggs into the bowl.

crackdown

n. crack + down.

violent army crackdown.

cracked

adj.

a cracked mirror.
cracked lips.
a cracked voice.

cracker

cream cracker
soda cracker.

firecracker

crackle

vi.n

the radio crackled again.

cracking

n.adj.

the cracking of thunder.
a cracking good dinner.

shit

n.vi.adj.

shake

vt.n.vi

shake off.
shake hands with.
shake your confidence.

shaky

adj.

a shaky hand.
a shaky ladder.

handshake

have a strong handshake.

shaker

a salt shaker.

shaking

shake-up

a management shake-up.

shakespearean

adj.

shiver

vi.n shiv=shake + er

thrill

vt&vi

be thrilled to be hired …

thriller

a tense psychological thriller.

thrilling

adj.

a thrilling experience/finish.

thrilled

adj.

tremble

vi.n

tremor

a tremor in hands.

trembling

adj.

trembling fingers.

sci- = to know, to separate, to distinguish <-- to cut, split

nice

adj.

nicely

adv.

nicety

the niceties of dinner party conversation
social niceties.

science

science and technology
computer science
the modern science of psychology.

scientific

adj.

scientific experiments.

unscientific, non-scientific

scientifically

adv.

scientist

neuroscience

n. neuro + science

conscience

n. con + sci + ence

conscientious

adj.

a conscientious student.

unconscionable

adj.

unreasonable, irrational.

make unconscionable demands on his free time.

conscious

adj. con + sci=aware + ous

be very conscious of my weight.
make a conscious decision.

aware

adj.

be aware of

consciously

adv

be consciously aware of

consciousness

subconscious

n.adj.

unconscious

adj.

unconsciously

adv.

prescient

adj. pre=before + sci=to know + ent

super = above/over, extremely good

super

superb

adj.

superbly

adv.

superhero

superhighway

superior

adj.n

superiority

inferior

adj.n. infer=under, below

inferiority

social inferiority

supermarket

supermodel

supernova

superpower

superstar

superficial

adj. super + fic=face + ial

superficially

adv.

superfluous

adj. super=over + flu=flow + ous

superhuman

adj.

superintendent

n. super=above + intend=direct + ent

become superintendent of the bank.

supernatural

adj.

supreme

adj. supre=super + m=most + e

the Supreme Court

supremacy

n. supreme + acy

supremely

adv.

supremacist

spond-, spons- = make answer, give a reply in words

respond

vt.vi.

response

responsible

adj.

irresponsible

adj.

responsibility

respondent

responsive

adj.

responsibly

adv.

responsiveness

responder

correspond

v-recip

correspondence

correspondent

corresponding

adj.

correspondingly

adv.

despondent

adj.

spond- = promise

spouse

spousal

adj.

espouse

vt.

-struct-, -stroy, -stru- = build

structure

n.vt

structural

adj.

structured

adj.

structurally

adv.

restructure

vt.

restructuring

construct

vt.

construction

constructive

adj.

constructivist

reconstruct

reconstruction

reconstructive

adj.

destruct

vt.

destroy

vt.

destroyer

destroyed

adj.

destruction

destructive

adj.

deconstruct

vt.

deconstruction

infrastructure

n. infra=below

instruct

vt.

instruction

instructor

instructive

adj.

instructional

adj.

instrument

instrumental

adj.n

instrumentation

obstruct

vt. ob=in the way of + struct=to build

obstruction

industry

industrial

adj.

industrialized

adj.

industrialization

industrialist

industrious

adj.

-tect =struct = build

architect

n. archi=chief + tect

architecture

architectural

adj.

street, stray, straw, strew, strat-, strato = spread out

street

street-light

streetcar

stray

vi.adj.n

astray

adv.

straw

n.adj.

strew

vt.

strategy

tactics

strategic

adj.

strategist

strategically

adv.

stratum

substrate

stratosphere

n. strato=stratus + sphere

serv- = protect, save, service

conserve

vt.n

conservation

conservative

adj.n

conservatism

conservationish

conservatively

adv.

conservatory

preserve

vt.n

preservative

n.adj.

preservation

preservationist

reserve

vt.n

reservation

reserved

adj.

reservist

reservoir

observe

vt.

observer

observation

observatory

observed

adj.

observational

adj.

observable

adj.

observance

observant

adj.

serve

vt.vi

service

serving

n.adj.

servant

server

serviceman

in-service

disservice

deserve

vi.

deserving

adj.

underserving

adj…

underserved

adj.

dessert

n. des=remove + sert=serve

sergeant

concierge

n. con + cierge=slave

ser = join, order, in a row, sequence

assert

vt.

desert

vt.vi.n

consortium

dissertation

exert

vt.

insert

vt.

series

serial

adj.n.

sermon

sort

vt.vi.n

assorted

adj.

save

vt.vi

thrift

safe

adj.n

salvation

salvage

vt.n

solid

adj.n

consolidate

vt.

stereo

stereotype

vt.n

soldier

solemn

adj. sol + enm=ann=year

salute

vt.vi.n

solicit

vt.vi soli=sol=whole + cit=arouse

Catholic

adj.n

holocaust

n. holo=whole + caust= to burn

hologram

n. holo=whole + gram=a picture

firm

adj.

farm

vt.vi.n

confirm

vt.

unfurl

vt.

throne

sens- = feel, meaning, wise, understanding

sense

n.vt.

sensor

sensory

adj.

sensation

sensational

adj.

senseless

adj.

sensible

adj.

sensibly

adv.

sensibility

sensitive

adj.

insensitive

adj.

sensitivity

insensitivity

sensual

adj.

sensuality

sensuous

adj.

nonsense

no-nonsense

adj.

sentiment

sentimental

adj.

sentimentality

sentient

adj.

vt.vi

consensus

consensual

adj.

resent

vt.

resentful

adj.

resentment

scent

n.vt.

scented

adj.

dissent

n.vi.

dissenter

dissenting

adj.

dissident

adj.n dis=apart + sid=sit + ent

sophist

sophisticated

adj.

sophistication

-scend = to climb

ascend

vt.vi

ascent

ascending

adj.

ascension

n. ascen + sion

ascendancy

n. ascend + ancy

descend

vt.vi

descent

descending

adj.

descendant

transcend

vt. trans=across, beyond + scend

transcendent

adj.

transcendental

adj.

transcendence

condescending

adj. con + descend + ing

sphere

spherical

adj.

atmosphere

n. atmo=air + sphere

atmospheric

adj.

hemisphere

globe

global

adj.

globally

adv.

globalization

globular

adj. globe + ular

glom

conglomerate

clam

vi.n

clamp

vt.

orb

orbit

vt.n

orbital

adj.n

orbiter

exorbitant

adj. ex- + orbit + -ant

-strophe, streb- = to wind, turn

catastrophe

n. cata=down + strophe=turn

catastrophic

adj.

disaster

n. dis- + aster-

disastrous

adj.

strap

n.vt. streb- = to wind

strapping

adj.

astro- , aster-, stella, ster- = star

star

all-star

co-star

n.vt.

starry

adj.

five-star

adj.

four-star

adj.

astronomy

astronomer

astronomical

adj.

astronaut

n. astro- + naut=sailor, boat

astrophysicist

astrodome

n. astro- + dome

asteroid

n. aster- = star + oid=form, shape

asterisk

n.vt. aster + isk=small

stellar

adj.

interstellar

adj. inter=between + -stell- + ar

constellation

sum- = the top, summit, highest, total, an amount(of money)

sum

n.vt.vi

summit

summary

n.adj

summarize

vt.

summation

summarily

adv.

consummate

vt.

soprano

n. sopra = above + no

span

n.vt.

spin

vt.vi

spinner

spinning

spindle

n. spin + d + le=tool

spindly

adj.

stick, stig-, stinct- = pierce, prick, be sharp

stick

vt.

stuck

adj.

sticker

sticking

adj.

sticky

adj.

lipstick

n. lip + stick

joystick

nonstick

adj.

yardstick

candlestick

chopsticks

ticket

n.vt.

stake

n.vt.

stakeholder

high-stakes

adj.
high-risk

attach

vt. at=ad=to + tach=stick

attached

adj.

attachment

detach

vt. de=away + tach

detached

adj.

detachment

attack

n.vt. at=to + tack=stick

assault

vt.

assail

vt.

assailant

attacker

steak

stitch

n.vt. sti- = stick + -tch

stoke

vt. stok- = stick + e

style

n.vt.

styling

stylish

adj.

stylist

stylistic

adj.

stylized

adj.

lifestyle

n.adj.

freestyle

adj.n.

old-style

adj.

old-fashioned

adj.

hairstyle

sting

vt.vi.n

stinging

adj.

stingy

adj.

extinct

adj. ex=out + tinct= guench,wipe

extinction

extinguish

vt. ex-=out + ting=quench

extinguisher

distinguish

vt.vi

distinguished

adj.

distinguishing

adj.

indistinguishable

adj.

distinct

adj. dis=sperate + tinct

distinctive

adj.

indistinct

adj.

distinctly

adv.

distinction

distinctive

adv.

distinctively

adv.

instinct

n. in + stinct=stick

instinctive

adj.

stimulate

vt. stim=stin + ul + ate

stimulus

n. stim-

stimulation

stimulating

adj.

stimulant

stigma

stigmatize

vt.

incite

vt. in- = en- + cite=move, call on

instigate

vt. in- = en + stig=stick + -ate

irritate

vt.

irritation

irritating

adj.

irritable

adj.

irritant

irritability

annoy

vt.

annoyed

adj.

annoying

adj.

annoyance

spur

vt.n.

spoil, glide, slide, slip, laps-, lub- = smooth

smooth

adj.vt.

smoothly

adv.

smoothess

slick

adj.n.vt.

slicker

sleek

adj.vt.

oblivion

n. ob=over + liv=level + ion

oblivious

adj.

spoil

vt.vi.n.

spoiled

adj.

spoils

spill

vt.vi.n.

spilled

adj.

gl- = smooth

glide

vi.n.

glider

slink

vi. slink=glide

slew

vi.vt.n

sl- = smooth

slide

vt.vi.n

slider

sliding

adj.

landslide

slip

vi.n.

slippery

adj.

slipper

glitch

n. glitch= a slip

slope

n.vi.

sloping

adj.

sleeve

sleeveless

lubricate

vt. lub=slip + r + icate

lubricant

slim

adj.vt.vi

slime

slimy

adj.

lime

n.vt.

limestone

mud

muddy

adj.vt.

muddle

vt. mud + -le

muddled

adj.

muck

mucus

n.
=slime

moist

adj.

moisten

vt.

moisture

moisturizer

delete

vt. de-=away + -let=slime

deleterious

adj. deleter=hurt, injure + ious

indelible

adj. in=not- + del=delete + ible

slither

vi.

sleigh

sloppy

adj.

slush

sludge

laps- = slip

lapse

n.vi. laps=slip + e

elapse

vi. e- =out + lapse

relapse

n.vi.

collapse

vi. col = con + laps

collapsed

adj.

collapsing

adj.vi.

slump

vt.vi.n.